Sarampión y comportamiento del sistema inmunológico
Sarampión y respuesta inmune
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47993/gmb.v48i2.1121Palabras clave:
inmunosupresión, memoria inmunológica, respuesta inmune, virus del sarampiónResumen
Introducción: Este artículo revisa el comportamiento del sistema inmunológico frente al virus del sarampión (MeV), Objetivo: Describir los mecanismos de la respuesta inmune desencadenada por MeV. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura científica, incluyendo estudios inmunológicos y clínicos publicados en PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science, utilizando términos MeSH/DeCS como MeV, y respuesta inmunológica. Desarrollo: El MeV, sea mediante infección natural o por vacunación, activa a la respuesta inmunológica pero también genera efectos inmunosupresores e inmunoamnesia. Se destaca la acción de los mecanismos innatos: interferones, células NK y adaptativos: linfocitos T CD8+/CD4+ y producción de anticuerpos neutralizantes; la inducción de inmunosupresión mediante apoptosis de linfocitos de memoria, reduciendo la protección contra otras infecciones. Conclusión: La vacunación con cepas atenuadas genera inmunidad robusta, evitando los efectos de inmunosupresión e inmunoamnesia, por lo que se destaca la importancia de mantener altas coberturas vacunales para prevenir la enfermedad y sus complicaciones.
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
