Inteligencia artificial en el abordaje clínico del cáncer de pulmón en el continuum asistencial: revisión crítica: Inteligencia artificial y cáncer de pulmón

Fernando Ramos-Zaga

doi:10.47993/gmb.v48i2.1134

Autores/as

Fernando Ramos-Zaga Universidad Privada del Norte

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47993/gmb.v48i2.1134

Palabras clave:

cáncer de pulmón, cribado, diagnóstico de precisión, equidad sanitaria, inteligencia artificial

Resumen

Objetivos: Analizar el impacto de la inteligencia artificial en el abordaje integral del cáncer pulmonar, evaluando sus aplicaciones diagnósticas, terapéuticas y pronósticas, así como las barreras para su implementación clínica en el periodo 2021-2025. Métodos: se realizó una revisión narrativa sobre estudios basados en el uso de algoritmos aplicados a la prevención personalizada, el cribado automatizado, el diagnóstico de precisión y la estratificación pronóstica individualizada. Resultados: se identificaron beneficios potenciales como mayor sensibilidad en detección temprana y optimización de decisiones terapéuticas, junto con limitaciones asociadas a opacidad algorítmica, sesgos en datos, falta de validación robusta e inequidad en el acceso. Conclusiones: la integración de inteligencia artificial en oncología torácica requiere combinar juicio clínico, capacidad computacional y gobernanza ética para lograr un impacto equitativo y sostenible.

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